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Sprained or broken ankle? - by Vic Goradia, M.D.

Is it a break? A sprain? A tear?
A broken bone can have similar
symptoms of pain and swelling.
An X-ray may be ordered. If
muscle damage is suspected, an
MRI may be ordered.

Sprains are injuries to the tough, rope-like fibers called ligaments that connect bone to bone. If you have a severe sprain, your symptoms may be very similar to those you would have with a broken bone. There is no way to tell if it's a sprain or a broken bone without an x-ray. Sprains are ranked by degrees based on what has been damaged.

A first-degree sprain stretches the ligaments but does not tear them. Signs and symptoms may include:

	Mild to moderate swelling and pain
	A stable joint that does not feel loose or wobbly

A second-degree sprain partially tears the ligaments. Signs and symptoms may include:

Stabilize the ankle after a sprain to prevent rollover.

• Get the ASO Ankle Brace
• See the ASO Brace Review
• Bauerfeind Ankle Brace
• Ankle tape or brace?

	Moderate to severe pain and swelling
	Bruising
	Mild to moderate instability

A third-degree sprain completely tears the ligaments. Signs and symptoms may include:

	Mild to severe pain – the pain is sometimes less than in a partial tear
	Severe swelling and bruising
	An unstable joint that feels wobbly or loose

What to do

This inexpensive kit helps you achieve
the exercise program below.
Thera-band Lower Body Exercise Kit

See your doctor to determine the extent of the injury. Swelling and bruising are to be expected, but will decrease the more your ankle is elevated. Bruising will appear to move around to different areas of the foot and toes. If you are at work, prop your leg in a chair if possible. While at home, elevate it on at least four to five pillows, keeping your ankle above your heart level. Physical therapy is sometimes ordered for patients with a severe sprain.

After an ankle sprain, apply ice and elevate the ankle as often as you can. Take anti-inflammatory medications (prescription or over-the-counter medicines such as ibuprofen) to control pain & decrease swelling. If you are in a boot or splint, open it up to apply ice.

A brace or boot is used to give your ankle stability while you walk. Discontinue crutches as you become more comfortable with walking in the boot or brace. If you are given a boot, wear it at night for the first 10 days after injury.

Some exercises to help bring back ankle stability and flexibility

When injured, remember RICE

R = Rest the ankle
I =  Ice affected area for 20 minutes, 3x a day.
C = Compress painful area
E = Elevate

You may begin these within one or two days after a first-degree sprain, and five to seven days after a second- or third-degree sprain. Follow the instructions carefully and slowly work up to completing the indicated number of sessions and exercises each day.